What robots.txt does
robots.txt is a plain text file that tells crawlers which parts of your site they may visit. Search engines check it before crawling. It's useful for keeping crawlers out of areas that don't belong in search, like admin screens, shopping carts, internal search results and endless filter combinations.
A safe setup for most small business sites
- Allow everything by default.
- Block admin and checkout areas (WordPress sites usually block /wp-admin/ but allow admin-ajax.php).
- List your sitemap so crawlers find every page.
- Don't block CSS or JavaScript files. Google needs them to see your pages like a visitor does.
AI crawlers explained
AI companies run two kinds of crawlers. Training crawlers (such as GPTBot, ClaudeBot, Google-Extended and CCBot) collect content that may be used to build AI models. Search and user crawlers (such as OAI-SearchBot, ChatGPT-User and PerplexityBot) fetch pages so AI assistants can answer questions and link to sources. If you want ChatGPT or Perplexity to recommend your business, don't block their search crawlers.
Test before you trust it
After uploading, open yourdomain.com/robots.txt in a browser to confirm it loads, then check Google Search Console's robots.txt report for errors. Want to see what a crawler sees on a page? Try the spider simulator.